| Biological Control: |
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The sugar plantations of Group Farias use exclusively the Biological
Control to fight the main pests of the culture. Sugar Cane Borer: the
Diatraea saccharalis mainly occurs in the Center-South region
while the D. flavipennella is mostly distributed in the Northeast.
When the soil insects attack the young sugar canes, they cause the death
of the apical meristem (dead heart). However, their more common damage
is in the adult sugar cane. In these occurs the loss of weight, lateral
blossom, aerial rooting, inversion of saccharose and contamination of
the alcoholic fermentation process. The Biological Control happens through
the natural enemies: Apanteles flavipes, Paratheresia claripalpis
and Metagonistylum minense.
Sugar Cane Root Spittlebug: two species are found in Brazil: the Mahanarva
posticata and the M. fimbriolata. The adults suck the sap
and inject toxins that cause yellowing of the leaf, harming the photosynthesis
and bringing as consequence the shortening of the internodes and loss
of weight and sugar. The Biological Control is made using the pathogenous
fungus Metarhizum anisopliae.
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